Legal world maps for teachers

Every map on this site comes with its data, so you can use it in class, in a seminar or in an exam. Each one has a CSV file with one row per country (or state), a few discussion questions, and an answer key. Use them freely in teaching; please credit TheLawToKnow Tools.

Embed. Each map page has a small piece of code to put the interactive map on your course page.
Download. The CSV opens in Excel, Google Sheets or any statistics package. Treaty maps include the year each country joined.
Print. Use your browser’s Print command on any map page; the map prints in colour or in grey. A button under the map does the same.
Cite. Every map page ends with a ready-made citation and the date it was last checked. See the data licence for the terms.

The maps are simplified for learning and only include countries we have checked. Tell us what your course needs and we will add it.

Government and constitutions

Monarchy or republic?

Does the country have a monarch as head of state, or a president?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked October 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Commonwealth realm (shares the UK monarch)" and three that give "Monarchy with its own monarch". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Commonwealth realm (shares the UK monarch)" and "Monarchy with its own monarch".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Commonwealth realm (shares the UK monarch) (14): Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands, United Kingdom.

Monarchy with its own monarch (28): Andorra, Bahrain, Belgium, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, Denmark, Eswatini, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Monaco, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, Vatican City.

Republic (152): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Federal or unitary?

Is power shared between a national government and states or provinces that have powers of their own?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked October 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Federal" and three that give "Unitary, with strong regional self-government". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Federal" and "Unitary, with strong regional self-government".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Federal (27): Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Canada, Comoros, Ethiopia, Germany, India, Iraq, Malaysia, Mexico, Micronesia, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates, United States, Venezuela.

Unitary, with strong regional self-government (5): Bolivia, Italy, South Africa, Spain, United Kingdom.

Unitary (161): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

One chamber or two?

Does the national parliament have one chamber, or two?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked October 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Two chambers (bicameral)" and three that give "One chamber (unicameral)". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Two chambers (bicameral)" and "One chamber (unicameral)".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Two chambers (bicameral) (83): Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Côte d'Ivoire, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, France, Gabon, Germany, Grenada, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Paraguay, Philippines, Poland, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

One chamber (unicameral) (112): Albania, Andorra, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Benin, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Central African Republic, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Nauru, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Portugal, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Syria, Taiwan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia.

How is the government chosen and held to account?

Is the head of government chosen by and answerable to parliament, or elected separately?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked October 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Presidential" and three that give "Parliamentary". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Presidential" and "Parliamentary".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Presidential (66): Angola, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Liberia, Malawi, Maldives, Mauritania, Mexico, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Palau, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Republic of the Congo, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Korea, South Sudan, Suriname, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Parliamentary (74): Albania, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, Cook Islands, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Dominica, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kosovo, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Montenegro, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, North Macedonia, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, Vanuatu.

Semi-presidential (21): Algeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Finland, France, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Lithuania, Madagascar, Mongolia, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Timor-Leste, Ukraine.

Monarch with strong powers (10): Bahrain, Brunei, Eswatini, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates.

Single-party state (5): China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, Vietnam.

Other arrangements (4): Iran, San Marino, Switzerland, Vatican City.

How old is the constitution?

When was the country's current constitution adopted?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Adopted before 1946" and three that give "1946-1979". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Adopted before 1946" and "1946-1979".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Adopted before 1946 (16): Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Tonga, United States.

1946-1979 (50): Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Botswana, Brunei, Cameroon, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominica, France, Germany, Greece, Grenada, India, Iran, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Malaysia, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Monaco, Nauru, Niue, North Korea, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Portugal, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Taiwan, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay.

1980-1999 (71): Albania, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Czechia, Djibouti, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Kazakhstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, Malawi, Mauritania, Moldova, Mongolia, Namibia, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Palau, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Suriname, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia.

2000-2014 (29): Angola, Bahrain, Bhutan, Bolivia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Eswatini, Fiji, Hungary, Iraq, Kenya, Kosovo, Madagascar, Maldives, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Palestine, Qatar, Rwanda, Senegal, Serbia, Timor-Leste, Turkmenistan, Vietnam, Zimbabwe.

2015 or later (17): Algeria, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Gabon, Guinea, Kyrgyzstan, Mali, Nepal, Oman, Republic of the Congo, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Uzbekistan.

No single written document (4): Canada, Israel, New Zealand, United Kingdom.

Where did constitutional courts spread, and when?

Does the country have a separate constitutional court or council, and in what year did its present court begin work?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Has a separate constitutional court or council" and three that give "Has one (year not shown)". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Has a separate constitutional court or council" and "Has one (year not shown)".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Has a separate constitutional court or council (58): Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Colombia, Croatia, Czechia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Guatemala, Hungary, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Jordan, Kosovo, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mali, Malta, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Palestine, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Zimbabwe.

Has one (year not shown) (39): Angola, Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Liechtenstein, Madagascar, Mauritania, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Serbia, Somalia, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Zambia.

No separate constitutional court (85): Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Bhutan, Botswana, Brazil, Canada, China, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominica, El Salvador, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Iceland, India, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Laos, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Philippines, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen.

Who picks the head of state?

Is the head of state born into the role, elected by the people, or chosen by parliament or another body?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Heredity or royal selection" and three that give "Elected by the citizens". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Heredity or royal selection" and "Elected by the citizens".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Heredity or royal selection (29): Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, Canada, Denmark, Eswatini, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Oman, Qatar, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Tonga.

Elected by the citizens (98): Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Liberia, Lithuania, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mauritania, Mexico, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Palau, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovenia, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Chosen by parliament or another body (50): Albania, Armenia, Bangladesh, Barbados, Botswana, China, Cuba, Czechia, Dominica, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Germany, Greece, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Kosovo, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, United Arab Emirates, United States, Vanuatu, Vietnam.

Which constitutions create an ombudsman?

Does the constitution itself provide for an ombudsman, an official who handles citizens' complaints against the administration?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "The constitution provides for an ombudsman" and three that give "Not in the constitution". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "The constitution provides for an ombudsman" and "Not in the constitution".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

The constitution provides for an ombudsman (67): Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Belize, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Chad, Colombia, Croatia, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Finland, Gambia, Georgia, Greece, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Hungary, Kosovo, Lesotho, Malawi, Malta, Mauritius, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Ukraine, Vanuatu.

Not in the constitution (120): Afghanistan, Algeria, Andorra, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, Oman, Palau, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, Somalia, South Korea, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Tonga, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Courts, juries and the legal profession

Who can strike down a law?

If a statute breaks the constitution, who has the power to set it aside?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked October 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "A special constitutional court or council" and three that give "Every court can, with a top court having the last word". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "A special constitutional court or council" and "Every court can, with a top court having the last word".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

A special constitutional court or council (93): Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Guatemala, Guinea, Hungary, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, North Macedonia, Palestine, Poland, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Every court can, with a top court having the last word (52): Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Canada, Cook Islands, Denmark, Dominica, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, Gambia, Greece, Grenada, Guyana, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Namibia, Nauru, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sweden, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Vanuatu.

Both: a constitutional court and every court (5): Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Portugal, Venezuela.

Only the supreme court (or a chamber of it) (17): Bhutan, Costa Rica, Cyprus, El Salvador, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Liberia, Maldives, Nepal, Panama, Paraguay, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Yemen.

Checked before the law is passed, not afterwards (2): Iran, Sri Lanka.

Courts cannot strike down laws (11): China, Cuba, Ethiopia, Laos, Netherlands, New Zealand, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Vietnam.

Juries and lay judges

Do ordinary citizens help decide serious criminal trials?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked October 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Jury trials (citizens decide guilt)" and three that give "Mixed panels of lay and professional judges". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Jury trials (citizens decide guilt)" and "Mixed panels of lay and professional judges".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Jury trials (citizens decide guilt) (35): Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Brazil, Canada, Cook Islands, Denmark, Dominica, Georgia, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Ireland, Jamaica, Liberia, Malta, Mauritius, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Panama, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sri Lanka, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, United States.

Mixed panels of lay and professional judges (33): Algeria, Belarus, Bolivia, Bulgaria, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czechia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Liechtenstein, Madagascar, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Taiwan, Ukraine, Venezuela, Vietnam.

Citizen participation that advises the judge (3): Fiji, South Korea, Uganda.

Professional judges only (80): Afghanistan, Andorra, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Honduras, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vatican City, Yemen, Zambia.

Jury trial exists in law but is rare or narrow (4): Argentina, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Portugal.

Separate administrative courts or one set of courts?

When a citizen sues the state, does the case go to special administrative courts, or to the ordinary courts?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked October 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Separate administrative courts, with their own top court" and three that give "Ordinary courts hear administrative cases". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Separate administrative courts, with their own top court" and "Ordinary courts hear administrative cases".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Separate administrative courts, with their own top court (60): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Chad, Colombia, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mexico, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Netherlands, Niger, North Macedonia, Oman, Poland, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Slovakia, Sweden, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay.

Ordinary courts hear administrative cases (71): Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Eswatini, Fiji, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guyana, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kosovo, Laos, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Moldova, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Russia, Samoa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

One family law for all, or by community?

Is marriage and family law the same for everyone, or does it depend on a person's religious community?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked October 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "One civil family law for everyone" and three that give "Separate personal laws by religious community". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "One civil family law for everyone" and "Separate personal laws by religious community".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

One civil family law for everyone (87): Albania, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam.

Separate personal laws by religious community (18): Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Lebanon, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tanzania.

One religious law as the state's family law (9): Afghanistan, Brunei, Iran, Maldives, Mauritania, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Yemen.

How are judges chosen?

Do judges rise through a career judiciary, join the bench from the bar, or face the voters?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Career judges" and three that give "Appointed from experienced lawyers". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Career judges" and "Appointed from experienced lawyers".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Career judges (84): Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Honduras, Hungary, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, Niger, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela.

Appointed from experienced lawyers (53): Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Canada, Cyprus, Dominica, Eswatini, Fiji, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Namibia, Nauru, New Zealand, Nigeria, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Philippines, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United Kingdom, Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Both routes (6): Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka.

Elected by voters or by parliament (4): Bolivia, Mexico, Switzerland, United States.

Appointed under single-party control (5): China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, Vietnam.

Appointed from religious-law scholars (3): Afghanistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia.

Who investigates serious crime?

Is a serious crime investigated by a judge, by a prosecutor, or by the police?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "An investigating judge leads" and three that give "The prosecutor leads". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "An investigating judge leads" and "The prosecutor leads".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

An investigating judge leads (33): Algeria, Andorra, Argentina, Belgium, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, France, Gabon, Greece, Guinea, Haiti, Iraq, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Monaco, Morocco, Niger, Republic of the Congo, Senegal, Spain, Togo, Tunisia.

The prosecutor leads (69): Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Germany, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Libya, Lithuania, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Nicaragua, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela.

The police investigate; the prosecutor decides on charges (48): Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Canada, China, Cyprus, Eswatini, Fiji, Gambia, Ghana, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sierra Leone, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

What does a notary do?

Is the notary a legal professional who drafts and authenticates important deeds, or mostly a witness to signatures?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Legal-professional notary (civil-law, 'Latin' notary)" and three that give "Notary public with a limited role". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Legal-professional notary (civil-law, 'Latin' notary)" and "Notary public with a limited role".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Legal-professional notary (civil-law, 'Latin' notary) (93): Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, North Macedonia, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Senegal, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam.

Notary public with a limited role (36): Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Canada, Eswatini, Fiji, Ghana, Guyana, India, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malaysia, Namibia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Sierra Leone, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Notarial functions carried out by the state (10): Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Iran, Laos, North Korea, Norway, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, Turkmenistan.

Are lawyers one profession or two?

Are lawyers divided into barristers who argue in court and solicitors who advise clients, or is there a single profession?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Two professions: barristers and solicitors" and three that give "One profession in law, a separate bar in practice". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Two professions: barristers and solicitors" and "One profession in law, a separate bar in practice".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Two professions: barristers and solicitors (7): Eswatini, Ireland, Lesotho, Malta, Namibia, South Africa, United Kingdom.

One profession in law, a separate bar in practice (2): Australia, New Zealand.

One profession (179): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Korea, South Sudan, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen.

How far do the courts check the government?

To what extent does the executive respect the constitution and comply with the rulings of independent courts?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Strong checks (0.85 or higher)" and three that give "Fairly strong (0.65 to 0.85)". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Strong checks (0.85 or higher)" and "Fairly strong (0.65 to 0.85)".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Strong checks (0.85 or higher) (44): Australia, Austria, Barbados, Brazil, Cabo Verde, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Gambia, Germany, Guatemala, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mauritius, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Portugal, Seychelles, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vanuatu.

Fairly strong (0.65 to 0.85) (49): Albania, Belgium, Bhutan, Botswana, Bulgaria, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Ghana, Greece, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, India, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Romania, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Zambia.

Weak (0.35 to 0.65) (25): Argentina, Bangladesh, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Côte d'Ivoire, Ecuador, Egypt, Georgia, Indonesia, Iraq, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Oman, Pakistan, Paraguay, Qatar, Serbia, Somaliland, Tunisia.

Very weak (below 0.35) (57): Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Comoros, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Iran, Kazakhstan, Libya, Madagascar, Mauritania, Mexico, Myanmar, Nicaragua, North Korea, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Togo, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Which constitutions declare the courts independent?

Does the constitution contain an explicit statement that the judiciary is independent?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Explicit declaration of judicial independence" and three that give "No explicit declaration". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Explicit declaration of judicial independence" and "No explicit declaration".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Explicit declaration of judicial independence (152): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

No explicit declaration (32): Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei, Canada, Cyprus, Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Iceland, Liberia, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Micronesia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Palau, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Singapore, Suriname, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Vietnam.

Treaties and international courts

Which countries share one law for international sales? (CISG)

Has the country joined the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (the Vienna Sales Convention)?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (96): Albania, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, New Zealand, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Palestine, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zambia.

Not a party (100): Afghanistan, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Cook Islands, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Where will a foreign arbitration award be enforced? (New York Convention)

Has the country joined the 1958 New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (172): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (24): Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Gambia, Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Kiribati, Libya, Micronesia, Namibia, Nauru, Niue, North Korea, Republic of the Congo, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Togo, Vanuatu, Yemen.

Where is one stamp enough for a foreign document? (Apostille Convention)

Has the country joined the Hague Apostille Convention, which replaces long chains of legalisation with a single certificate?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party: one apostille is enough" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party: one apostille is enough" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party: one apostille is enough (130): Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niue, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam.

Not a party (67): Afghanistan, Angola, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Libya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Micronesia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vatican City, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Where can a child taken abroad be brought back? (Hague Abduction Convention)

Has the country joined the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (102): Albania, Andorra, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, North Macedonia, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, San Marino, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (94): Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Brunei, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Micronesia, Mongolia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, Oman, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Vietnam, Yemen.

Which countries are inside the International Criminal Court?

Is the country a state party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "State party" and three that give "Party that has given notice of withdrawal". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "State party" and "Party that has given notice of withdrawal".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

State party (119): Afghanistan, Albania, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Canada, Central African Republic, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Zambia.

Party that has given notice of withdrawal (6): Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Nauru, Niger, Venezuela.

Former party (2): Burundi, Philippines.

Signed but never ratified (25): Algeria, Angola, Bahamas, Bahrain, Cameroon, Egypt, Eritrea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Iran, Jamaica, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Oman, São Tomé and Príncipe, Solomon Islands, Syria, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Never joined, or signature withdrawn (44): Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Brunei, China, Cuba, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Israel, Kazakhstan, Laos, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Mauritania, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niue, North Korea, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Togo, Tonga, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United States, Vatican City, Vietnam.

Which countries accept the World Court's compulsory jurisdiction?

Has the country filed a declaration accepting the International Court of Justice's compulsory jurisdiction (the 'optional clause')?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Has a declaration in force" and three that give "No declaration in force". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Has a declaration in force" and "No declaration in force".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Has a declaration in force (75): Australia, Austria, Barbados, Belgium, Botswana, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Finland, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Senegal, Slovakia, Somalia, Spain, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Timor-Leste, Togo, Uganda, United Kingdom, Uruguay.

No declaration in force (121): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Croatia, Cuba, Czechia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Gabon, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Indonesia, Iraq, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Niger, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Oman, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Human rights treaties

Who has promised civil and political rights? (ICCPR)

Has the country ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Covenant" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Covenant" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Covenant (175): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (21): Bhutan, Brunei, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Kiribati, Malaysia, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, Vatican City.

Who has promised economic, social and cultural rights? (ICESCR)

Has the country ratified the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Covenant" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Covenant" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Covenant (174): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (22): Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Kiribati, Malaysia, Micronesia, Mozambique, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, United States, Vanuatu, Vatican City.

Who has promised to end discrimination against women? (CEDAW)

Has the country ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (188): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (8): Iran, Niue, Palau, Somalia, Sudan, Tonga, United States, Vatican City.

Who has promised to ban torture? (CAT)

Has the country ratified the UN Convention against Torture?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (175): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia.

Not a party (21): Barbados, Bhutan, Brunei, Cook Islands, Haiti, India, Iran, Jamaica, Malaysia, Micronesia, Myanmar, Niue, North Korea, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Zimbabwe.

Which countries have joined the Convention on the Rights of the Child?

Has the country ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (195): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (1): United States.

Who has promised equal rights for people with disabilities? (CRPD)

Has the country ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (192): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (4): Niue, Tajikistan, United States, Vatican City.

Who has promised never to use the death penalty? (Second Optional Protocol)

Has the country ratified the Second Optional Protocol to the ICCPR, which aims at the abolition of the death penalty?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Protocol" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Protocol" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Protocol (92): Albania, Andorra, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, North Macedonia, Norway, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Serbia, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Timor-Leste, Togo, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Zambia.

Not a party (104): Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nauru, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Korea, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United States, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Vietnam, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Where are refugees protected by the Refugee Convention?

Is the country a party to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention or the Protocol" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention or the Protocol" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention or the Protocol (146): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vatican City, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (50): Andorra, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Bhutan, Brunei, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Eritrea, Grenada, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Jordan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Niue, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Qatar, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Thailand, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam.

Who has joined the Genocide Convention?

Has the country ratified the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (154): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (42): Angola, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Cook Islands, Dominican Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Grenada, Guyana, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Micronesia, Nauru, Niger, Niue, Oman, Palau, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Suriname, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Vanuatu, Vatican City.

Who has joined the UN Convention against Corruption?

Has the country ratified the 2003 UN Convention against Corruption?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (191): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (5): Eritrea, Monaco, North Korea, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Syria.

How many of the nine core human-rights treaties has each country ratified?

Of the nine core UN human-rights treaties, how many has the country ratified?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "All nine" and three that give "Eight". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "All nine" and "Eight".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

All nine (31): Albania, Argentina, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Chile, Colombia, Côte d'Ivoire, Ecuador, Fiji, Gambia, Honduras, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mexico, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Paraguay, Peru, Senegal, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Togo, Uruguay.

Eight (69): Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Brazil, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Dominica, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Maldives, Malta, Mongolia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Oman, Panama, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, São Tomé and Príncipe, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Switzerland, Syria, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, Venezuela, Zambia.

Six or seven (74): Afghanistan, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belarus, Botswana, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, China, Cuba, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Georgia, Grenada, Haiti, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Moldova, Monaco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, New Zealand, North Macedonia, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Samoa, San Marino, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkmenistan, United Kingdom, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Five or fewer (22): Bhutan, Brunei, Comoros, Cook Islands, Iran, Kiribati, Malaysia, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nauru, Niue, North Korea, Palau, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, United States, Vanuatu, Vatican City.

Who protects stateless people? (1954 Convention)

Has the country joined the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (100): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eswatini, Fiji, Finland, France, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kiribati, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Montenegro, Mozambique, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (96): Afghanistan, Andorra, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bhutan, Brunei, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, New Zealand, Niue, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Qatar, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Samoa, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen.

Who prevents statelessness? (1961 Convention)

Has the country joined the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (82): Albania, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Canada, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Ecuador, Eswatini, Finland, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Kiribati, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mali, Moldova, Montenegro, Mozambique, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Sudan, Spain, Sweden, Togo, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay.

Not a party (114): Afghanistan, Algeria, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Gabon, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Niue, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Qatar, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Where must both spouses consent to marry? (1962 Convention)

Has the country joined the 1962 Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (56): Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala, Guinea, Hungary, Iceland, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Liberia, Libya, Mali, Mexico, Mongolia, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, North Macedonia, Norway, Palestine, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Serbia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, United Kingdom, Venezuela, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (140): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Armenia, Australia, Bahamas, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Korea, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Vietnam, Zambia.

Who is in the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime?

Has the country ratified the 2000 Palermo Convention?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (194): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (2): Papua New Guinea, Republic of the Congo.

Who has joined the Trafficking Protocol?

Has the country ratified the Palermo Protocol on trafficking in persons?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Protocol" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Protocol" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Protocol (184): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (12): Cook Islands, Iran, Niue, North Korea, Papua New Guinea, Republic of the Congo, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Yemen.

Who has joined the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations?

Has the country joined the 1963 Vienna Convention on Consular Relations?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (182): Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (14): Afghanistan, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Cook Islands, Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Guinea-Bissau, Israel, Niue, Palau, Republic of the Congo, South Sudan.

War and humanitarian law

Whose empire left its law behind?

Which empire's law shaped the country's legal system most?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked October 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "British Empire" and three that give "French Empire". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "British Empire" and "French Empire".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

British Empire (58): Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Canada, Cyprus, Dominica, Eswatini, Fiji, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, Hong Kong, India, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Myanmar, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United States, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

French Empire (26): Algeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Gabon, Guinea, Haiti, Laos, Lebanon, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Republic of the Congo, Senegal, Syria, Togo, Tunisia, Vietnam.

Spanish Empire (20): Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Portuguese Empire (7): Angola, Brazil, Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Timor-Leste.

Dutch, Belgian, German or Italian empires (10): Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Indonesia, Libya, Namibia, Rwanda, Samoa, Somalia, Suriname.

Russian Empire or Soviet Union (11): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.

Not colonised by a European power (8): Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, Ethiopia, Iran, Japan, Nepal, Thailand.

Who has joined the Geneva Conventions?

Is the country a party to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Geneva Conventions" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Geneva Conventions" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Geneva Conventions (196): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Who has joined Additional Protocol I? (international conflicts)

Is the country a party to Additional Protocol I of 1977, on victims of international armed conflicts?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to Protocol I" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to Protocol I" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to Protocol I (175): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (21): Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Eritrea, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Kiribati, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Nepal, Niue, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Turkey, United States.

Who has joined Additional Protocol II? (civil wars)

Is the country a party to Additional Protocol II of 1977, on victims of non-international armed conflicts?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to Protocol II" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to Protocol II" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to Protocol II (169): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Palau, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (27): Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Eritrea, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kiribati, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mexico, Myanmar, Nepal, Niue, North Korea, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Syria, Thailand, Turkey, United States, Vietnam.

Who has joined Additional Protocol III? (the red crystal)

Is the country a party to Additional Protocol III of 2005, on an additional distinctive emblem?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to Protocol III" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to Protocol III" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to Protocol III (79): Albania, Andorra, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Sudan, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Timor-Leste, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay.

Not a party (117): Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brunei, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Colombia, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Who has banned anti-personnel landmines? (Ottawa Treaty)

Has the country joined the 1997 Convention on the Prohibition of Anti-Personnel Mines?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (166): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (30): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, China, Cuba, Egypt, Georgia, India, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Libya, Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Syria, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Vietnam.

Who has banned cluster munitions?

Has the country joined the 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (113): Afghanistan, Albania, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eswatini, Fiji, France, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Macedonia, Norway, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Zambia.

Not a party (83): Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Bhutan, Brazil, Brunei, Cambodia, Central African Republic, China, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, Gabon, Georgia, Greece, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liberia, Libya, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Korea, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Who has joined the Arms Trade Treaty?

Has the country ratified the 2013 Arms Trade Treaty?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Treaty" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Treaty" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Treaty (117): Afghanistan, Albania, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Macedonia, Norway, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Zambia.

Not a party (79): Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bhutan, Bolivia, Brunei, Burundi, Cambodia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Libya, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Climate and the sea

Who is in the UN climate convention? (UNFCCC)

Is the country a party to the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (196): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Who joined the Kyoto Protocol?

Has the country ratified the 1997 Kyoto Protocol?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Protocol" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Protocol" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Protocol (191): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (5): Andorra, Palestine, South Sudan, United States, Vatican City.

Who is in the Paris Agreement?

Has the country joined the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Agreement" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Agreement" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Agreement (193): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (3): Iran, Libya, Yemen.

Who has joined the Law of the Sea Convention? (UNCLOS)

Has the country ratified the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (170): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (26): Afghanistan, Andorra, Bhutan, Burundi, Central African Republic, Colombia, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Libya, Liechtenstein, North Korea, Peru, South Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Vatican City, Venezuela.

Who is in the Convention on Biological Diversity?

Has the country joined the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Convention" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Convention" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Convention (194): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (2): United States, Vatican City.

Governance, labour and prisons

Where is the rule of law strongest? (World Bank)

How do surveys and experts rate confidence in the rules of society: contract enforcement, property rights, the police and the courts, and the likelihood of crime?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "75 or more" and three that give "50 to 75". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "75 or more" and "50 to 75".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

75 or more (32): Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Cook Islands, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Japan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Palau, Portugal, Samoa, San Marino, Singapore, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, United Kingdom.

50 to 75 (94): Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Fiji, France, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guyana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Niue, North Macedonia, Oman, Panama, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Zambia.

25 to 50 (69): Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Colombia, Comoros, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Iran, Iraq, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Mexico, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Below 25 (1): Venezuela.

Where is corruption best controlled? (World Bank)

How do surveys and experts rate the use of public power for private gain?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "75 or more" and three that give "50 to 75". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "75 or more" and "50 to 75".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

75 or more (21): Australia, Belgium, Bhutan, Canada, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Uruguay.

50 to 75 (57): Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Botswana, Brunei, Cabo Verde, Chile, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Dominica, Fiji, France, Greece, Grenada, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Monaco, Namibia, Nauru, Oman, Palau, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, United Arab Emirates, United States.

25 to 50 (90): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, China, Colombia, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Macedonia, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Zambia.

Below 25 (28): Afghanistan, Bolivia, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Myanmar, Nicaragua, North Korea, Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Venezuela, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Where does government work best? (World Bank)

How do surveys and experts rate the quality of public services, the civil service and policy implementation?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "75 or more" and three that give "50 to 75". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "75 or more" and "50 to 75".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

75 or more (31): Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States.

50 to 75 (78): Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Bhutan, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Chile, China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Fiji, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guyana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Latvia, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Nauru, North Macedonia, Oman, Palau, Panama, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Suriname, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Uruguay, Vietnam.

25 to 50 (73): Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Djibouti, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Guatemala, Guinea, Honduras, Iran, Iraq, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mexico, Mongolia, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Republic of the Congo, Russia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Below 25 (14): Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Libya, Mali, Myanmar, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Venezuela, Yemen.

Where are regulations best designed? (World Bank)

How do surveys and experts rate the government's ability to formulate sound policies and regulations for the private sector?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "75 or more" and three that give "50 to 75". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "75 or more" and "50 to 75".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

75 or more (22): Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Japan, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom.

50 to 75 (90): Albania, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Benin, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Chile, China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Fiji, France, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kuwait, Latvia, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, North Macedonia, Oman, Palau, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Ukraine, United States, Uruguay, Vietnam.

25 to 50 (78): Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belize, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Iran, Iraq, Kenya, Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Micronesia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Republic of the Congo, Russia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Sudan, Suriname, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Below 25 (6): Eritrea, North Korea, South Sudan, Syria, Turkmenistan, Venezuela.

Where do citizens have a voice? (World Bank)

How do surveys and experts rate citizens' ability to take part in choosing the government, and freedom of expression, association and the media?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "75 or more" and three that give "50 to 75". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "75 or more" and "50 to 75".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

75 or more (36): Australia, Austria, Barbados, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kiribati, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Palau, Portugal, San Marino, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, United Kingdom, Uruguay.

50 to 75 (83): Albania, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Bahamas, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Colombia, Cook Islands, Croatia, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Fiji, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Israel, Jamaica, Kenya, Kosovo, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Niue, North Macedonia, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Ukraine, United States, Vanuatu, Zambia.

25 to 50 (69): Algeria, Angola, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, El Salvador, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Libya, Madagascar, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Below 25 (8): Afghanistan, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Myanmar, North Korea, South Sudan, Sudan, Turkmenistan.

Where is political stability highest? (World Bank)

How do surveys and experts rate the likelihood of political instability and politically motivated violence, including terrorism?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "75 or more" and three that give "50 to 75". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "75 or more" and "50 to 75".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

75 or more (70): Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Cabo Verde, Canada, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, Grenada, Iceland, Ireland, Jamaica, Japan, Kiribati, Laos, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Monaco, Mongolia, Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niue, Norway, Oman, Palau, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Korea, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Timor-Leste, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Vanuatu.

50 to 75 (96): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Chile, China, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Nepal, Nicaragua, North Korea, North Macedonia, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

25 to 50 (28): Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Haiti, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Libya, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palestine, Russia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Venezuela.

Below 25 (2): Mali, Yemen.

Where are workers' rights to organise and bargain respected?

How far does the country comply with the labour rights to freedom of association and collective bargaining?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Best compliance (score below 1)" and three that give "Fair compliance (1 to 2.5)". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Best compliance (score below 1)" and "Fair compliance (1 to 2.5)".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Best compliance (score below 1) (59): Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cabo Verde, Canada, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominica, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guyana, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malawi, Mali, Mongolia, Namibia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Timor-Leste, Tonga.

Fair compliance (1 to 2.5) (57): Albania, Angola, Bahamas, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chile, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Haiti, Hungary, Indonesia, Jamaica, Japan, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, New Zealand, Niger, North Macedonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, South Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Yemen, Zambia.

Weak compliance (2.5 to 5) (38): Algeria, Argentina, Bahrain, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, India, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Maldives, Mexico, Nepal, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Russia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Turkey, United States, Vanuatu.

Poor compliance (5 or more) (30): Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Cambodia, China, Colombia, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Guatemala, Iran, Iraq, Laos, Libya, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nicaragua, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sudan, Syria, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zimbabwe.

How many people does each country imprison?

How many people are in prison for every 100,000 inhabitants?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Under 75 per 100,000" and three that give "75 to 150". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Under 75 per 100,000" and "75 to 150".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Under 75 per 100,000 (49): Afghanistan, Andorra, Angola, Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Finland, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Iceland, India, Japan, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mozambique, Netherlands, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, San Marino, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Vanuatu, Yemen.

75 to 150 (57): Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, France, Greece, Guatemala, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Lesotho, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malta, Micronesia, Monaco, Nepal, North Macedonia, Portugal, Romania, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Slovakia, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zambia.

150 to 300 (55): Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Barbados, Bolivia, Botswana, Colombia, Cook Islands, Czechia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Fiji, Gabon, Georgia, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Laos, Latvia, Libya, Lithuania, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Myanmar, New Zealand, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Samoa, Serbia, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, Venezuela, Zimbabwe.

300 or more (30): Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Belarus, Belize, Brazil, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, El Salvador, Eswatini, Grenada, Namibia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Palau, Panama, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Thailand, Tonga, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United States, Uruguay.

Where are many prisoners still waiting for trial?

What share of the people in prison are held before trial or sentence?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Under 15%" and three that give "15 to 30%". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Under 15%" and "15 to 30%".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Under 15% (23): Brunei, Cook Islands, Czechia, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kiribati, Kuwait, Lithuania, Marshall Islands, North Macedonia, Oman, Palau, Poland, Romania, Rwanda, Singapore, Slovakia, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam.

15 to 30% (66): Algeria, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Chad, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cyprus, El Salvador, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, Finland, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guyana, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Libya, Malawi, Maldives, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Portugal, Qatar, Russia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Serbia, Seychelles, South Sudan, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

30 to 50% (56): Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Belgium, Belize, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Canada, Chile, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, France, Guatemala, Honduras, Iceland, Jordan, Kenya, Kosovo, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Nauru, New Zealand, Norway, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, Suriname, Switzerland, Tanzania, Tonga, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates.

50% or more (41): Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Bolivia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominican Republic, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, India, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Paraguay, Philippines, Republic of the Congo, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Syria, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Venezuela, Yemen.

Intellectual property

Where is a book or a song protected abroad? (Berne Convention)

Is the country a member of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Member of the Berne Convention" and three that give "Not a member". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Member of the Berne Convention" and "Not a member".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Member of the Berne Convention (181): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a member (15): Angola, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iran, Iraq, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Timor-Leste.

Where are patents and trademarks protected on equal terms? (Paris Convention)

Is the country a member of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Member of the Paris Convention" and three that give "Not a member". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Member of the Paris Convention" and "Not a member".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Member of the Paris Convention (181): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a member (15): Cook Islands, Eritrea, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Palestine, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Timor-Leste, Vanuatu.

Where can one patent application start the process in many countries? (PCT)

Is the country a member of the Patent Cooperation Treaty?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Member of the PCT" and three that give "Not a member". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Member of the PCT" and "Not a member".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Member of the PCT (159): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vatican City, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a member (37): Afghanistan, Andorra, Armenia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bolivia, Burundi, Cook Islands, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Kiribati, Lebanon, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Niue, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Paraguay, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Suriname, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Yemen.

Where can one trademark filing reach many countries? (Madrid Protocol)

Is the country a member of the Madrid Protocol on the international registration of marks?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Member of the Madrid Protocol" and three that give "Not a member". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Member of the Madrid Protocol" and "Not a member".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Member of the Madrid Protocol (115): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Eswatini, Finland, France, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, North Korea, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not a member (81): Andorra, Angola, Argentina, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Iraq, Jordan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Republic of the Congo, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Serbia, Seychelles, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Yemen.

Where does copyright cover the internet? (WIPO Copyright Treaty)

Has the country joined the WIPO Copyright Treaty of 1996?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the WIPO Copyright Treaty" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the WIPO Copyright Treaty" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the WIPO Copyright Treaty (118): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Korea, North Macedonia, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela.

Not a party (78): Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Iceland, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Niger, Niue, Norway, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Turkmenistan, Vatican City, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Where can books be made accessible for blind and print-disabled readers? (Marrakesh Treaty)

Has the country joined the Marrakesh Treaty on access to published works for persons who are blind or print-disabled?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Party to the Marrakesh Treaty" and three that give "Not a party". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Move the year slider. In which decade did the biggest jump in membership happen, and what was happening in the world then?
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Party to the Marrakesh Treaty" and "Not a party".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Party to the Marrakesh Treaty (111): Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Finland, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guinea, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, South Korea, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zimbabwe.

Not a party (85): Algeria, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Chile, Cook Islands, Croatia, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, France, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Micronesia, Monaco, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Niue, North Macedonia, Oman, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Samoa, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Yemen, Zambia.

How long does copyright last?

For how many years after the author's death does the standard copyright term run?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Life plus 50 years or less" and three that give "Life plus 60 years". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Life plus 50 years or less" and "Life plus 60 years".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Life plus 50 years or less (85): Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Brunei, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, China, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Guyana, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritius, Micronesia, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, New Zealand, Niger, North Korea, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Life plus 60 years (3): Bangladesh, India, Venezuela.

Life plus 70 years (79): Albania, Andorra, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Mozambique, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vatican City.

Longer than life plus 70 (8): Colombia, Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa.

Women, work and family law

How equal are the laws for women and men?

How many of the legal rules measured by the World Bank give women the same rights as men in economic life?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "90 or more" and three that give "75 to 89". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "90 or more" and "75 to 89".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

90 or more (14): Australia, Austria, Belgium, Croatia, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, New Zealand, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Spain.

75 to 89 (60): Albania, Argentina, Armenia, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Japan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, Togo, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zambia.

60 to 74 (48): Angola, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Gabon, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Laos, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, Philippines, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, South Sudan, Suriname, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, Venezuela, Zimbabwe.

Below 60 (64): Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Tonga, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Yemen.

Which countries have a law against domestic violence?

Does the law address domestic violence?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "A law addresses domestic violence" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "A law addresses domestic violence" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

A law addresses domestic violence (93): Albania, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Belgium, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eswatini, Gabon, Georgia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Kiribati, Kosovo, Laos, Latvia, Lithuania, Madagascar, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, New Zealand, Nicaragua, North Macedonia, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, Suriname, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia.

Partly (37): Algeria, Austria, Belize, Cambodia, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Czechia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, France, Gambia, Greece, Iceland, India, Ireland, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Lesotho, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malaysia, Micronesia, Netherlands, Norway, Palau, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Vanuatu, Zimbabwe.

No such law (56): Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Benin, Botswana, Brunei, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Chile, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, Germany, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Liberia, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Russia, Rwanda, Samoa, Senegal, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Uzbekistan, Yemen.

Which countries have a law against sexual harassment?

Does the law address sexual harassment?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "A law addresses sexual harassment" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "A law addresses sexual harassment" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

A law addresses sexual harassment (11): Costa Rica, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ireland, Lebanon, New Zealand, North Macedonia, Philippines, Republic of the Congo, South Korea, Zambia.

Partly (151): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zimbabwe.

No such law (24): Afghanistan, Armenia, Belarus, Brunei, Dominica, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Laos, Malaysia, Mauritania, Myanmar, Oman, Palau, Palestine, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Solomon Islands, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Yemen.

Which countries have a law against child marriage?

Does the law address child marriage?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "The law addresses child marriage" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "The law addresses child marriage" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

The law addresses child marriage (46): Australia, Azerbaijan, Belize, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Burundi, Chile, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Gambia, Guinea, Honduras, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mexico, Montenegro, Nepal, New Zealand, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Peru, Philippines, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Tajikistan, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia.

No such law (140): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Colombia, Comoros, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Which countries require equal pay for work of equal value?

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for women and men for work of equal value?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Equal pay for work of equal value is required" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Equal pay for work of equal value is required" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Equal pay for work of equal value is required (99): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Canada, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Iceland, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Norway, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zambia.

Not required in law (87): Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Mexico, Micronesia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, Ukraine, United States, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Which countries let sons and daughters inherit equally?

Does the law grant equal inheritance rights to sons and daughters?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Sons and daughters inherit equally" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Sons and daughters inherit equally" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Sons and daughters inherit equally (146): Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malawi, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Unequal inheritance rights (40): Afghanistan, Algeria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Botswana, Brunei, Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Gambia, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania, Tonga, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.

Which countries give fathers paid leave?

How much paid leave does the law give fathers when a child is born?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "14 days or more of paid leave" and three that give "Some paid leave, under 14 days". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "14 days or more of paid leave" and "Some paid leave, under 14 days".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

14 days or more of paid leave (60): Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bhutan, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Canada, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, Gambia, Germany, Greece, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malta, Mauritius, Moldova, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, Norway, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Some paid leave, under 14 days (61): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Bahrain, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guatemala, Indonesia, Jordan, Kosovo, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Niger, North Macedonia, Oman, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, South Africa, Suriname, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam.

No paid paternity leave (65): Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Cambodia, Comoros, Dominica, Eritrea, Eswatini, Fiji, Georgia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Iraq, Israel, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Montenegro, Namibia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, São Tomé and Príncipe, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Which countries forbid dismissing a pregnant worker?

Is the dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Dismissal of pregnant workers is prohibited" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Dismissal of pregnant workers is prohibited" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Dismissal of pregnant workers is prohibited (151): Albania, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not prohibited (35): Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Bangladesh, Botswana, Brunei, Central African Republic, Dominica, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, India, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Liberia, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Vanuatu, Yemen.

Where can women and men retire at the same age?

Is the age at which a woman and a man can retire with a pension the same?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "The same retirement age" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "The same retirement age" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

The same retirement age (126): Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Australia, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Botswana, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Partly (40): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cabo Verde, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Czechia, El Salvador, Georgia, Honduras, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Libya, Lithuania, Moldova, Montenegro, Mozambique, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, São Tomé and Príncipe, Serbia, Slovakia, Sri Lanka, Syria, Turkey, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen.

Different ages (20): Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bhutan, Eritrea, Iran, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Mongolia, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Russia, South Africa, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan.

Where do widows and widowers get the same survivor benefits?

Does the law give equal survivor benefits to male and female spouses?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Equal survivor benefits" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Equal survivor benefits" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Equal survivor benefits (41): Angola, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Dominica, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Kosovo, Lithuania, Malta, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Norway, Palau, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Slovenia, South Korea, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Zambia.

Partly (114): Albania, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, South Sudan, Spain, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Unequal (31): Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Botswana, Central African Republic, Comoros, Eritrea, Eswatini, Fiji, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Kenya, Kiribati, Latvia, Lebanon, Malawi, Maldives, Myanmar, Namibia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Senegal, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Vanuatu.

Where do years spent raising children count towards a pension?

Does the pension law account for periods of absence from work due to childcare?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Childcare years are credited" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Childcare years are credited" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Childcare years are credited (111): Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Moldova, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zimbabwe.

Not credited (75): Afghanistan, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burundi, China, Colombia, Comoros, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Tonga, Turkey, Uganda, United States, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia.

Where is it illegal to refuse credit because of gender?

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Discrimination in credit is prohibited" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Discrimination in credit is prohibited" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Discrimination in credit is prohibited (97): Albania, Angola, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Canada, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Tajikistan, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not prohibited (89): Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Bhutan, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Gambia, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Micronesia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yemen.

Where does the law set a gender quota for company boards?

Does the law prescribe a gender quota for corporate boards?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "A legal quota for boards" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "A legal quota for boards" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

A legal quota for boards (15): Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kosovo, Malta, Norway, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain.

Partly (25): Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Central African Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Germany, Greece, India, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Lithuania, Malaysia, Mauritius, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, Pakistan, Panama, Portugal, Sierra Leone, South Korea, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates.

No legal quota (146): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Oman, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Where does public procurement law favour women-owned firms?

Does the law include gender-responsive public procurement policies?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Gender-responsive procurement in law" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Gender-responsive procurement in law" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Gender-responsive procurement in law (52): Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Belgium, Benin, Brazil, Canada, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Côte d'Ivoire, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Gambia, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kosovo, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, Malawi, Mauritania, Mexico, Montenegro, Namibia, New Zealand, Niger, Philippines, Portugal, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Switzerland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

None in law (134): Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, China, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Yemen.

Where does the law still require a wife to obey her husband?

Is the law free of provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "No duty to obey in the law" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "No duty to obey in the law" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

No duty to obey in the law (167): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

The law requires a wife to obey her husband (19): Afghanistan, Bahrain, Brunei, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.

Where can a woman obtain a divorce on the same terms as a man?

Does the law allow a woman to obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "The same access to divorce" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "The same access to divorce" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

The same access to divorce (142): Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam.

Different terms (44): Afghanistan, Algeria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Comoros, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Gambia, Guatemala, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Morocco, Nepal, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Qatar, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Trinidad and Tobago, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Where can a woman travel abroad as freely as a man?

Does the law allow a woman to travel internationally in the same way as a man?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "The same freedom to travel" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "The same freedom to travel" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

The same freedom to travel (170): Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of the Congo, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Partly (14): Algeria, Cameroon, Iraq, Jordan, Libya, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.

Restrictions (2): Afghanistan, Iran.

Where is employment discrimination by gender prohibited?

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Prohibited" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Prohibited" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Prohibited (157): Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, North Macedonia, Norway, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Not prohibited (29): Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Bangladesh, Belize, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Dominica, Guatemala, Iran, Jamaica, Malaysia, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tonga, Tunisia, Vanuatu.

Where do employees have a right to ask for flexible work?

Does the law allow employees to request flexible work arrangements?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "A right to request flexible work" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "A right to request flexible work" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

A right to request flexible work (55): Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, Cyprus, Czechia, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Moldova, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam.

Partly (31): Albania, Armenia, Benin, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Gabon, Germany, Haiti, Iceland, Laos, Lithuania, Madagascar, Mexico, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, North Macedonia, Panama, Paraguay, Philippines, São Tomé and Príncipe, Serbia, Tajikistan, Togo, United Arab Emirates.

No such right (100): Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kuwait, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Micronesia, Morocco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Where do women have equal rights to own property?

Does the law grant women equal rights over immovable property?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Equal property rights" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Equal property rights" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Equal property rights (164): Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Canada, Central African Republic, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia.

Unequal rights (22): Afghanistan, Cameroon, Chad, Chile, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Micronesia, Niger, Palau, Philippines, Republic of the Congo, Samoa, South Sudan, Tonga, Vanuatu, Zimbabwe.

Where does the law recognise femicide?

Does the law address femicide, the killing of women because they are women?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "The law addresses femicide" and three that give "Partly". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "The law addresses femicide" and "Partly".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

The law addresses femicide (35): Albania, Argentina, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, Gabon, Georgia, Guatemala, Honduras, Kosovo, Luxembourg, Mali, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Nicaragua, North Macedonia, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Not addressed (151): Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of the Congo, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Land and property

Where does the law protect women's rights to land?

How many of six legal guarantees of women's equal rights to land does the country's law provide?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own country on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three countries that give the answer "Five or six safeguards" and three that give "Three or four safeguards". What do the countries in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one country whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one country and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Five or six safeguards" and "Three or four safeguards".

Answer key: which countries are in each group

Five or six safeguards (22): Benin, Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Colombia, Croatia, Ethiopia, Georgia, Guatemala, Hungary, Kenya, Lithuania, Namibia, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Rwanda, Serbia, Sweden, Tanzania, Uganda.

Three or four safeguards (50): Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Central African Republic, Chad, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Nepal, North Macedonia, Russia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, South Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zimbabwe.

One or two safeguards (26): Belize, Cameroon, Chile, Djibouti, Gambia, Ghana, Guyana, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Madagascar, Mauritania, Morocco, Myanmar, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Sierra Leone, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.

The United States, state by state

How does each US state choose its highest judges?

Do the voters elect the justices of the state's highest court, and if so with party labels, or does the governor appoint them?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own state on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three states that give the answer "Elected in partisan elections" and three that give "Elected in nonpartisan elections". What do the states in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one state whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one state and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Elected in partisan elections" and "Elected in nonpartisan elections".

Answer key: which states are in each group

Elected in partisan elections (8): Alabama, Illinois, Louisiana, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas.

Elected in nonpartisan elections (14): Arkansas, Georgia, Idaho, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin.

Merit selection with retention votes (16): Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Wyoming.

Appointed, with no judicial elections (13): Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia.

Who owns what in a marriage? The US states compared

In a divorce, does the state treat earnings and property acquired during the marriage as shared 50-50 (community property), or divide them by what is fair (equitable distribution)?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own state on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three states that give the answer "Community property" and three that give "Community property by agreement". What do the states in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one state whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one state and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Community property" and "Community property by agreement".

Answer key: which states are in each group

Community property (9): Arizona, California, Idaho, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Washington, Wisconsin.

Community property by agreement (1): Alaska.

Equitable distribution (41): Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wyoming.

Right-to-work: where may a union not require dues?

Can an employer and a union agree that every worker in a unionised workplace must pay union dues or fees?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own state on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three states that give the answer "Right-to-work state" and three that give "Union security allowed". What do the states in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one state whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one state and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Right-to-work state" and "Union security allowed".

Answer key: which states are in each group

Right-to-work state (26): Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Nebraska, Nevada, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming.

Union security allowed (25): Alaska, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington.

Where can a couple be married without a ceremony?

Does the state recognise a common-law marriage that began inside the state?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own state on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three states that give the answer "Common-law marriage can begin here" and three that give "Not available for couples here". What do the states in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one state whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one state and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Common-law marriage can begin here" and "Not available for couples here".

Answer key: which states are in each group

Common-law marriage can begin here (8): Colorado, District of Columbia, Iowa, Kansas, Montana, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah.

Not available for couples here (43): Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming.

Which US states still have the death penalty in law?

Does the state's law provide for the death penalty, has it abolished it, or has the governor suspended executions?

Open the map Download the data (CSV)Checked November 2026

Questions for discussion

Find your own state on the map. Which answer does it give, and does the note on it add anything you did not know?
Name three states that give the answer "Abolished" and three that give "In law, but executions suspended by the governor". What do the states in each group have in common (region, history, size, religion, colonial past)?
Pick one state whose answer you find surprising. Look it up in the sources and say whether the map is a fair summary.
Choose one state and explain, in three sentences, how a citizen or a lawyer there would notice the difference between "Abolished" and "In law, but executions suspended by the governor".

Answer key: which states are in each group

Abolished (24): Alaska, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin.

In law, but executions suspended by the governor (4): California, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania.

In law (23): Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Wyoming.

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