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Criminal Law
Intervening Causes in Criminal Law
Intervening Causes in Criminal Law Introduction Criminal causation becomes difficult when something happens after the defendant’s conduct bu

Criminal Law
Proximate Cause and Criminal Responsibility
Proximate Cause and Criminal Responsibility Introduction Establishing that a defendant’s conduct actually contributed to a criminal result i

Criminal Law
But-for Causation in Criminal Cases
But-for Causation in Criminal Cases Introduction Causation is one of the most important links between criminal conduct and criminal responsi

Criminal Law
Causation in Criminal Law: Factual and Legal Cause
Causation in Criminal Law: Factual and Legal Cause Criminal law does not always punish conduct merely because the defendant acted unlawfully

Criminal Law
Mens Rea and Strict Liability: When Is Fault Not Required?
Mens Rea and Strict Liability: When Is Fault Not Required? One of the foundational ideas of criminal law is that a person should ordinarily

Criminal Law
Motive vs. Intent in Criminal Law
Motive vs. Intent in Criminal Law One of the most common misunderstandings in criminal law is the belief that motive and intent mean the sam

Criminal Law
Conditional Intent in Criminal Law
Conditional Intent in Criminal Law Criminal intent is often presented as though it must always be simple and unconditional: “I intend to kil

Criminal Law
Malice Aforethought and Criminal Intent
Malice Aforethought and Criminal Intent Few expressions in criminal law are more misleading to a modern reader than malice aforethought. The

Criminal Law
Transferred Intent in Criminal Law
Transferred Intent in Criminal Law What happens when a person intends to commit a crime against one person but accidentally harms someone el

Criminal Law
Willful Blindness in Criminal Law
Willful Blindness in Criminal Law Criminal law often requires the prosecution to prove that a defendant knew a particular fact. But what hap

Criminal Law
Criminal Negligence and Gross Negligence
Criminal Negligence and Gross Negligence Criminal law does not normally punish people simply because they were careless. Everyday life invol

Criminal Law
Knowledge as a Form of Mens Rea
Knowledge as a Form of Mens Rea Criminal law does not generally punish people simply because they perform a prohibited act. In many offenses
